Method and appabatto tor testing



R. CHILTON. METHD AND APPARATUS FUR TESTING UNIVERSAL JOINTS.

,l APPLmATxoN HLED Nov.15, |919. l Patelltd May 31, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET R. CHILTON.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FDR TESTING UNIVERSAL JOTNTS.

APPLTCATIUN mm Nov. T5, 191g.

1,379,961 Patented May 31, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

subject of the Iii-n similararticulated Vconveniently practising the method.

vand economica ly tia -tion of test may .at the 'same time to minimize Apower iiNITE-D si'Aii-:si PATENT. oriicrl.v

noLnNii cmLToN, or FnEimoLn,

` minion nim APPARATUS lron TESTING Toallwhmtmayconcem:

Be it,` known that l, Romito- CHmnoN, a of Great Ilritain and resident oitV Freehol Y, in the county of Mon?. mouth fandState'of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in- Metlio'ds and Apparatus for Testing Universal Joints,4 of which the following is a specifiiltio Y The inveutionrelates to ainethod for testing and comparing universal joints and ower transmission meme obtaining of physical' bers incidental to t data relative to such -members and theinlvention also relates to a testingl machine for Tlie'p'ri'mary object of theinvention is to provide an im.

determining the transmission efficiency, the frictidnal losses, and similar hiysical facts, of a universal joint.

T el primary object when considering the mechanical vhase of the invention. is' to prov vide a' simp` eform of machine in. which the torque, angular deflection, speed, and

becarried upto the ultimate capacity of the joint acted' upon, and

waste heretofore involved in known foi-ins. of suchtesting machines. The movement 'oint Iconnecting mg axes results between these shafts and the common plane of their altes. In operation th'e 4common plane. of the axes is usually;r stationary while the shafts rotate and it is under these conditions that the joint is usually tested. Tests obtaining inL a universal two shafts with intersectunder these conditions, however; are unsatisfactory clue to inaccuracy in the 'data obtained and' in the Vexpense involved in sup- Jlying the power necessary to make the test.- in testing machines of. the Pi'oily-brake or dynamometer type, foin11stance,'the rotatio'n of the shafts necessitates the use of a horse-power equal to the horse-power under which the joints are tested plus` thc iucidental loss in friction. This invention` therefore, contemplates ainethod ot testiner universal jointsiii which thc joint' is hcld from rotating. and flexed while so hcltl. lhe only horse-power used that ncces's: \r to compensate for the frictonal losses in thc iicxing of the joint under tesi.'

Brmully. l obtain this ubit-ct lprovid ing :i torque transmitting organization of Bpeclcatioii of Letters Patent. i Appncanonniea noviem-ber is, isis, seal xfa. sesgos. f

tion, and

roved method for accurately from the relative rotation.-

at the left-of the' vjoint to be tested.

parts 'includin three ,in

which each of ,endj'oint elemenfstiirelield b a torque forceggains't relative' infogenient l.

aont their axesa'nd which ai orco is inijoint .element t0. ttete the, ibllllln u the invention will be 'i,ii 1 art an inspection of 4the aconipin and in part will beinoreful the following particulaii desci, )tidniof one form o'mechenismeihbdyi nty'" inventhe invention also `vcolis'istsfin crtain new and` tion and .combination "ofai'ts herein set forth and claimed.

In. the accompanying; d'iawiigsis- Figure 1 4is o longiti-idifnallfjei calfisectional view takentliroiigli'apreferi A liegt aes Sie' slid. dem

cal embodiment. of tlie ina-chine jfeatuiefof' the invention and sl'iowingfie'instrumentality .by means of; which thy conveniently practsedandwith piti-ts 'tltereof brokenaway tni-ininiize sp'aceg.. Fig, is a planviewlookingjdown tlidevice shown in Fig.- fand ig. 3 is a transverse tional vieu taken si sliowii 'it 'stable cludes. in order. 'from right toaleftftiiftlle showing in the druwing a shaft I4 niinlntet for free rotary inovcnunt in tlie-- heailinir block 12. to the inner: end' ofnli'iclrsha t is fastened one element 1?. of the right-inind nniversaljoint. The other clement-16 of this joint constitutes one cnd'of a rei-ati'ielylon'g shaft IT mounted for universal articulation relative to tlie shaft l-laiid'. :tree torisiring about a poinfvitrefcreiice iuthe-irxisz of the .shaft lindicated at itl-in Figi-.11 Thsoppos-itc oli floating einl of theslntl't itis-con ncctctl to the universalfjoint:13.V willich-forms thc leftv hand joint of the Scric-`.` th roulgh an intermediate universal 'joint 'I9 similar in' upon I3. under '-tes't, a comparisonA between the two Joints can be readilj ma'deand data obtained with refeience to some accepted standards While -liaveshown and described. and have pointed out in the annexed claims, certaln novel features of my invention, it will b`"understood that various. omissions` s ubstitutions and changes in the form and details of tliedevice illustratedand in its operation may be made bv those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the lnvention.

Having thus described .my invention, I claim: f Y

l.. In theart of testing theeiiiciency of an organization consisting Zof two shafts c011-4 nected by a universal joint, the method which conslsts 1n imposing a torque force on the' organization 1n .a direction tending to prevent relative rotary movement of the shafts about their axes and causing one end of the joint to describe a planetary movement thereby to cause `thecommon plane of the axes of the shafts to rotate.

'2. In the art of testingr the efficiency of an organization consisting of two shafts connected by a universal' joint, the method which consists in imposing a torque force on' 3.0 the organization in a direction tending to prevent relative rotary movement of the shaftsabout their axe's'and causing one end of the joint to'describe a planetary move- E ment thereby to cause the common plane of the axesof the shafts to rotate, and measuring said torque force. 3. In the `art of testingthe etliciency of an organization consisting` of two shafts connected by a vuniversal joint, the method ,which consists in' imposing a torque force Y on the organization in a direction tending to prevent relative .rotary movement ot the 'shafts about their -axes and in'iposing a turning moment (of known value) toone end of the join'tto cause the sanne toI describe a planetar)v movement therebjr tocause the common plane of the axes ot the shafts to rotate and measuringr tlie torque force necessary to prevent relative movement ofthe system under the influence of said turning moment. and measuring the reaction from such turning moment.

4. In a device of the class described. the combination. ot two universal joint elements, y vone of which is provided with means for connecting thesame utili-,ha '.hird joint and coacting-:tflierenithto form a torque transuut 'fing seriesnvith the joint elements disposed iinlcrngitudinal.order.Ameans for mounting the end elcmentsin axial alignement. means "for ii'ifiposing a turning moment` on said se- -ries therein' to hold,A the end elements fixed rtlati've to eacli,otlierand power means acton-on'e end of an intermediate joint ele- !ii nient to cause the same to describe a planett mitting series, witlrthjointselements disposed in longitudinal-iioudeinnmeans@for mounting the end elfrentsfilnfaxiirlr' alinement, means for imposing'` a potential turning moment on' `one ofesaidizend elements to resist any tendency ofi itlie iseliies'l to 'rotate 'fand means for causing ntlisfintermediate joint element to clescriberl'aafianetany motion about the axis-utisa'idifenilienlemems.

6. In a device otftlleffclfaissiidesenibed.the combination of t\vo.u1iiaie1il t'slsments, one of'which is puovidedliwrth tn-eaiiislzfor connecting` the sa meuwitli La ttl-iard;l oint and coacting therewith' tor .ioimiaa tioi'q'u'e transmitting series, with the nelements disposed .in longitudinal ordenandoneaofnvhich elements 1s a universa1jointsmeusiilonfmotintmg the end elementsfoittheaseriesffl-n axial alinement, .means toraifimposmgv anhu-ning Amoment on the seriestoifresistathetendenev' ot the same to rotate;J ieansaiiorausing a part of the universal :jointb'ta-desorbe a planetary motion alaoiittlre :rxfis-:mtssaid end elements and meansf-v fori.:measuring the torque moment iiecessa'ry;` qimesistrthe tendency of said planetary "nicitior-` `to 4cause rotation of the series. l 1

7. In a. device oftheclassulescribem,the combination of anvaginaizatienikintludfing two universal 'ointf elementsziidisposedin longitudinal or 4er nudi-@adaptadatoe-have a third element to be*testedaoprutivelyfconnected therewith, 'inea-ristfor'fseeulring the en d elements in longitudinelifaliniement. said end elements ha v iii-gi: fa i freerlx'imi .1n t erelative movement about a eonmion-raxis-'ofzrotation, means engaging one4 ofthe jjointfe'lements to move the same about said axisand means for imposing a torque loat'ton-the:organization thereby to ineasui'mthe jmlwfemtransmission losses in the jointelemerrtszi 'f1 S. In a device of tl1e`ciassf describedg; the

Vcombination of anforganinaztion including a plurality of universal joint;elements provided with means forisecuring another joint element to the organinatioirfandwlil'lfof said elements disposed substaiitia 1115i in ilongit udinal alinementj m'ea'nslfor nimmt-ing;r one of the elements to have a limited freedom of movement about a fixed axis ot rotation, means for imposing a torquevforceion said element, and means* -for '-ca'usi'nga therF next adjacent joint elementi'tojdescribe-@planetary movement aboutthe'fcommon plane of the axis of said elements:-

9. In a device ofi'tliefclassi'described, the combination of twounifersal joiit elements provided with means for connecting the same with a third joint element and coacting therewith toV form an organization with the universal joint elements disposed substantially in longitudinal alinement, means for mountinrr the end elements to liave a limited freer om of relative movement about a, common axis of rotation, means for imposing a torque iforce to oppose said relative movement and means for causing the intermediate joint element to describe a planetary movement about the common plane of the axis of said joint elements.

10. In a device of the class described, tlie combination of means adapted to coact with a member to be tested to form a torque transmitting member including a universal joint, means engaging oppositely disposed portions of said member to hold the same Xed relative to a common axis, eccentrically actuated means engaging said member intermediate said oppositely disposed portions for causing a part ofthe joint to describe `a circular' movement ina plane perpendicular to said common axis-and means for measuring the torque force acting on said member, tending to rotate the said oppositely disposed portions. Y

11. In a device of the class described, the combination of meansadapted to coact with a member to be tested to form a torque tran-smitting member including a universal joint,

means engaging oppositely disposed por tions of said member to hold tlie same fixed relative to a common axis, eccentrically actu ated means. engaging said member interme7 diate said oppositely disposed portions for causing a part .of the joint to describe a circula-r movement in a plane perpendicular to Said common axis, means acting on said eccentrically actuated means compensating for the tendency of the same to rotate and means for measuring tlie torque force acting on said member, tending to rotate tlie said oppositely disposed portions.

12. In a device ot' the class described, the combination of means adapted to coact with a member to be tested to form a torque transmitting member including a universal joint, means engaging oppositely disposed portions ot said member to liold the same fixed relative to a common axis ivliile permitting rotary movement about said axis. a driven pulley encircling said member and mounted for tree rotaryv movement about said axis, an eccentric mountingr tor said member engaging tlie same at one side of the universal joint, and operatively connected to tlie pulley to actiiate tbe same and tlius cause one side of tlie joint to describe a planetary movement about tbe said common axis.

13. In a device of tlie class described. tlic combination of means adapted to coact witli a member to be tested to forni a torque`trans mitting member including a universal joint.

means engaging oppositel 'disposed )ortions'of said member' to ho d tlielsamehxed relative to a common axis While .permitting i rotary movement 'aboutsaid axis,' a driven pulley encircling said member'and mountfili ed for free rotary movement about said axis,

transmitting member including a universal joint, means engaging oppositely disposed portions of said member to hold tbe saine fixed relative to a common axisf' 'uliile permitting rotary movement about .said axis; .il driven pulley encircling said member and mounted for free rotary movement about 90, said axis, an eccentric mounting for said member engaging the same tojone side of the universal joint, and ope 'atively connected to the pulley to actuate the saine and thus cause one side of the joint toilescribe a planetary movement about tlie said common axis, a torquemember carried by the eccentric mounting and resisting tlie'tendency of the, mounting to rotate tlie pulley and another torque member operatively connected to one of said oppositely disjiiosedportions and tending 'to prevent frotary ipovement of said torque transmitting'fmem 15. In a device Qf'thiclnsfs tbc 'i j,

combination of a. ]oint,a"n veccentric mecha.; '-.f msm fori-lening o nesidel-of said jo1nt,`sa1d mechanismincludmg a, membermounted for?,

rotary movement and -means "reactingon said rotary naoveniein; gfor minimi tlie if tendencyof tlliei `.centri fugal eifect tlie4 joint to Aset up vibration.v

1c. in the arc if testing argini-nunca eiliciency, durability and power transmitting.

capacity of anorganization for difivably -V connecting ltivo iangularly disposed nliafts for unitary rotation; tlie mctliod which" consists in applying opposed and baluiccd. torque loads of known magnitude to .the opposed `elementsof tlie organization. ivliilc` 120 maintained at .a ki'i'oivnangi'il'r relation@ causing the common plane "of tbe said' clements to rotate, and restrainingr said cle-.F ments from rotating about their own axes by means adapted to measure their teiiii'len v 125V to so rotate. j .i

Signed at Keyport. in tbe county rif-Mon-A moutli and State ot' Xen' Jersey, tlii's twenty'- loui'tli da)v of Q'ctobeig-A-D.-1919;" e -f 

